taproot system

A taproot system is where the primary root system becomes the main root of the plant with only a secondary root system coming off, it the root that grows downwards.  The taproot is larger in diamater than the lateral roots. Lateral roots. The taproot system contrasts with the fibrous root system with many branched roots.

Dicots, one of the two divisions of angiosperms, start with a taproot, which is one main root forming from the enlarging radicle of the seed. The tap root can be persistent throughout the life of the plant but is most often replaced later in the plant's development by a fibrous root system.  A persistent taproot system forms when the radicle keeps growing and smaller lateral roots form along the taproot. The shape of taproots can vary but the typical shapes include

making a backyard vegetable garden

the size you choose for your vegetable garden will be determined by the amount of available space you have in your backyard.

Orientation to sun - the plants in your garden will want to face south, and will require a minimum of 5 hours of direct sunlight per day, The area of maximum continuous light will likely be the best location for your garden.

          

in-ground garden beds

- easiest way to get a bed established; nothing to build

- cheaper than buying lumber for raised beds

- pathway weeds can creep into the bed

- more likely that pets and children will walk on the beds

- you have to reach further down to tend the plants

     

          

raised garden beds

- provide the best drainage and prevent soil compaction

- soil warms up more quickly in the spring

- the bed sides prevent weeds from creeping into the bed

- easier to tend the plants because the soil level is raised

- serve as a barrier to pests such as slugs and snails

- for more information, including how to build.

gray wolves habitat

The gray wolf or grey wolf (Canis lupus) is a species of canid native to the wilderness and remote areas of North America, Eurasia, and North Africa.

Wolves are the largest members of the dog family. They have a highly organised social structure enabling it to enjoy maximum cooperation when hunting, communicating and defending territory.

Wolf packs are established according to a strict hierarchy, with a dominant alpha male at the top and alpha female not far behind. Usually this male and female are the only animals of the pack to breed. Packs consist of between five and ten animals – usually offspring from several years.  All of a pack's adults help to care for young pups by bringing them food and watching them while others hunt.

Historically, the grey wolf held the title of the world’s most widely distributed land mammal. It ranged throughout much of the northern hemisphere, from Mexico, north through North America to the Arctic, and throughout most of Eurasia, as far south as southern India. Today, however, this species has a more restricted distribution, occurring mainly in wilderness and remote areas of Canada, Alaska, northern USA, Europe and Asia, and is extinct in parts of Western Europe, Mexico and the US

Butterflies

butterfly is a mainly day-flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and moths. Like other holometabolous insects, the butterfly's life cycle consists of four parts: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Most species are diurnal. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. Butterflies comprise the true butterflies (superfamily Papilionoidea), the skippers and the moth-butterflies.

Butterflies in their adult stage can live from a week to nearly a year depending on the species. Many species have long larval life stages while others can remain dormant in their pupal or egg stages and thereby survive winters

Butterfly eggs are protected by a hard-ridged outer layer of shell, called the chorion. This is lined with a thin coating of wax which prevents the egg from drying out before the larva has had time to fully develop.

honey bees facts

1.Bees   fly from flower to flower, sipping nectar and collecting grains of pollen. Bees have a special tongue that sucks up the nectar and a crop in their throat for storing it until they get back to the hive, where it is turned into honey to use as food.

2. Honey bees have 6 legs, 2 compound eyes made up of thousands of tiny lenses (one on each side of the head), 3 simple eyes on the top of the head, 2 pairs of wings, a nectar pouch, and a stomach

3. Honey is the only food that includes all the substances necessary to sustain life, including enzymes, vitamins, minerals, and water; and it's the only food that contains "pinocembrin", an antioxidant associated with improved brain functioning.

4. The honey bee's wings stroke incredibly fast, about 200 beats per second, thus making their famous, distinctive buzz.

5. Only worker bees sting, and only if they feel threatened and they die once they sting.

6. A honey bee flaps its wings about 12,000 times per minute.

7. A honey bee worker visits more than 2,000 flowers on a good day.

8. Bees will travel as far as one or two miles from the hive to gather nectar.